You'll recall that even in the original Star Trek series, one recurring prop was called a tricorder. This mutlifunction device was able to scan the surface of a planet for life forms or toxic air. Dr. McCoy had a medical tricorder that could diagnose conditions by just waving past a patient.
There are groups out there trying to produce such a device. Read more below. What medical conditions would you make a device to diagnose?
http://www.qualcommtricorderxprize.org/competition-details/overview